Dynamic microphones are the most common type and suitable for almost any use. Classics include the Shure SM58 for live vocals, the SM57 for amps and snare, and the RE520 for speech or kick drum. Each has its own sonic character — testing is worth it.
Dynamic mics need no phantom power, handle high SPL, and resist feedback and wind noise. On stage, they mainly capture what’s directly in front of the capsule.
Large diaphragm condenser microphones are the top choice for vocals and voice-over work thanks to their sensitivity and detail. Many feature switchable polar patterns: cardioid (front), omnidirectional (all around), or figure-8 (front/back). They generally require 48 V phantom power.
These compact versions of large-diaphragm mics are used for bright, detailed, and complex sources like overheads, acoustic guitar, strings, or as room microphones. They require 48 V phantom power and deliver excellent transient precision.
Popular choices include the Rode NT5 Single, various AKG models, and the refined Neumann KM 184 small-diaphragm condenser mic.
Overheads: Used in pairs for stable stereo imaging and detailed cymbal capture.
Acoustic Guitar & Strings: Fast transients and bright tone without harshness when positioned carefully.
Room Mics: Capture the natural ambience from a distance – great for blending in the mix.
A USB condenser mic is perfect for podcasts, streaming, and voice recording without the need for an audio interface. Plug-and-play convenience, no drivers required, and the converter is built-in. Many models feature onboard compression or de-essing. No phantom power is needed since they draw power via USB.
Tube microphones include a tube-based preamp and come with an external power supply. They offer a warm, smooth, and detailed sound with a natural low end and silky highs. Although more expensive, they’re a premium choice for professional vocals and acoustic recordings.
Ribbon microphones deliver a warm, vintage-style tone and are perfect for smoothing out harsh high frequencies or adding a classic studio vibe. A famous model is the Royer R-121. Many budget-friendly alternatives now exist. Due to their low output level, a high-gain preamp is recommended. Most ribbons feature a figure-8 polar pattern and must never receive phantom power as it can damage the ribbon.
Boundary microphones pick up direct reflections from surfaces. They’re often used on theater stages, conference tables, or inside kick drums to create a tight, punchy sound.