Percussion includes all striking instruments that are not part of a standard drum kit. Most percussion instruments are played by hand, while others use sticks or mallets. Nearly every culture around the world has developed its own percussion instruments, tailored to its traditional music. Many of these instruments share similarities yet contribute their own unique colors. Today, mixing percussion styles from different cultures is completely natural. Afro-Cuban instruments like shakers, cowbells, and congas have been standard in Western music for decades. Asian percussion instruments, once relatively unknown in Europe, are now increasingly used thanks to global exchange. Brazilian music is especially famous for its enormous variety of percussion – a samba ensemble consists almost entirely of percussion instruments.
Cajons are among the most popular percussion instruments thanks to their fun playing feel and great sound at an affordable price. Originally from Peru and designed for a specific musical tradition, this versatile wooden box has gained worldwide popularity because it works perfectly as a compact drum kit alternative for acoustic or “unplugged” settings. Its built-in snare wires inside the body produce a snare-like sound when striking the upper edge, while the center of the body delivers a deep bass tone similar to a bass drum. This turns the cajon into a mini drum kit you can sit on! Some manufacturers even use shortened snare carpets to achieve an even more authentic snare tone.
Bongos consist of two connected drums – the smaller macho and the larger hembra. Played by hand, they are ideal for fast rhythmic patterns, accents, and solo phrases. Common styles include Latin, Salsa, acoustic pop, world music and street performance.
Their direct playing response makes bongos perfect for beginners, students, music schools, and advanced percussionists seeking a versatile instrument. They are lightweight, portable, and ideal for session players.
Congas are large, conical hand drums traditionally played standing or mounted on a stand. The common sizes – quinto, conga and tumbadora – cover different pitches and offer a wide range of bass tones, open tones and slap sounds.
They are essential instruments in Latin bands, salsa ensembles, world music groups and acoustic pop acts. Congas are ideal for intermediate and advanced players looking for a fuller, expressive percussion sound.
Djembes are African relatives of the conga family. They feature a goblet-shaped wooden body with a stretched drumhead and are played using the hands and fingers. Their unique shell design allows for deep, rich bass tones while edge strikes produce bright, cutting slaps.
Djembe drums are used in African traditions, world music, percussion ensembles and educational contexts such as schools, workshops and drum circles. They suit beginners, group classes and experienced percussionists looking for expressive grooves and solo possibilities.
Similar in concept to a djembe, darbukas and doumbeks often use metal or clay shells instead of wood. Thanks to their slender goblet shape and tightly stretched head, they produce bright, articulate tones with fast response and the characteristic “dum” and “tak” strokes.
Darbuka and doumbek are classic percussion voices for Middle Eastern music, belly dance, world music and acoustic fusion projects. They are suitable for ambitious beginners as well as experienced players who want expressive, articulate tones for solos, fills and intricate grooves.